Mabhoti, mabooster, kuwedzera mazamu uye inflation: zvisinei kuti chii chaunodaidza kuti mazamu anodyara, haatariswe zvachose sezvishamiso zvekurapa, kana kunyanya mashandiro ane njodzi.Inofungidzirwa kuti vakadzi vanopfuura 300 000 vakawedzera mazamu muna 2014, uye vanachiremba vemazuva ano vanosimbisa chitarisiko che "chisikigo", chisingaratidziki chisingaenderani.Iwe unogona kuaisa pasi pehapwa kuti uderedze mavanga, uye unogona kusarudza yakatenderera kana "teardrop" chimiro kuti ikwane mbabvu dzako nemuviri.Nhasi, varidzi vemazamu vane urombo vane sarudzo dzekuvhiya dzavasati vamboita-asi mazamu avo matsva ane nhoroondo refu uye yakasarudzika.
Mazuvano, kudyara kwemazamu kunoonekwa sechinhu chakajairika pakuvhiyiwa, uye kazhinji inongove nhau kana vaine chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa-senge mukadzi ane njere akaedza kupinza cocaine mumuviri wake muna 2011. Asi kana iyo inoshamisa nyaya yawakanzwa nezvezamu. kudyara kunosanganisira kuputika kunoshamisa, kana "inflation" zviitiko zvaunogona kugadzirisa uchishandisa zvakavanzika mavharuvhu, gara wakanyarara: nhoroondo yevacheche iyi izere nezvigadzirwa, Drama uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakasarudzika.
Izvi hazvisi zvekusvotwa-asi kana iwe uchida kunzwisisa kuti mazamu ako ekuwedzera mazamu haasanganisire majekiseni eparafini kana maimplants anogadzirwa kubva kubhomba cartilage, saka iyi nhoroondo yekuiswa mazamu ndeye yako.
Kudyarwa kwemazamu kunogona kunge kwakakura kupfuura zvaunofunga.Kuvhiya kwekutanga kwekudyara kwakaitwa paYunivhesiti yeHeidelberg, Germany muna 1895, asi kwaisava kwezvinangwa zvekuzora.Chiremba Vincent Czerny anobvisa mafuta pamagaro emurwere wechikadzi ndokuaisa muzamu rake.Mushure mekubvisa adenoma kana hombe benign bundu, zamu rinoda kuvakwa patsva.
Saka kunyanya "kuisa" kwekutanga hakusi kwekukura kweyunifomu zvachose, asi kuvakwazve kwezamu mushure mekushanda kunoparadza.Mutsanangudzo yake yekuvhiya kwakabudirira, Czerny akati kwaive "kudzivisa asymmetry" -asi kutsvaga kuri nyore kwekuita kuti vakadzi vanzwe vakagadzikana mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwakagadzira shanduko.
Muviri wekutanga wekune dzimwe nyika unobaiwa muzamu kuti rikure ungangove parafini.Inowanikwa mune inodziya uye yakapfava shanduro uye inonyanya kuumbwa ne petroleum jelly.Kushandiswa kwaro kuwedzera ukuru hwezvinhu zvemuviri kwakawanikwa nachiremba wekuAustria Robert Gesurny, uyo akatanga kuishandisa pama testicles emasoja kuti aite hutano.Afemerwa, akaenderera mberi nekuishandisa kune majekiseni ekuwedzera mazamu.
dambudziko?Parafini wakisi ine simba rinotyisa pamuviri.“Recipe” yaGesurny (chimwe chikamu chepetroleum jelly, zvikamu zvitatu zvemafuta omuorivhi) nemisiyano yayo yairatidzika kuva yakanaka mumakore mashomanene, asi zvakazoitika kuti zvinhu zvose zvakakanganisika.Parafini inogona kuita chinhu chipi nechipi, kubvira pakugadzira bundu guru, risingapindiki kusvika pakukonzera maronda makuru kana kuti kutungamirira kuupofu hwakakwana.Varwere vanowanzoda kugurwa zvachose kuti vaponese upenyu hwavo.
Sezvineiwo, mapundu eparafini achangotangazve muTurkey neIndia…munhengo yesikarudzi.Vanhu vanga vachizvibaya majekiseni kumba senzira yekuwedzera nhengo yavo, izvo zvakashamisa vanachiremba vavo, zvinonzwisisika.Mashoko anobva kune vakachenjera: usaita izvi.
Sekureva kwaWalter Peters naVictor Fornasier, munhoroondo yavo yekuwedzera mazamu yakanyorerwa The Journal of Plastic Surgery muna 2009, nguva kubva kuHondo Yenyika I kusvika kuHondo Yenyika II yakazadzwa nekumwe kushamisa kwekuvhiya mazamu ekuvhiya-saka Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvichagadzira. ganda rako rinozunguzika.
Vakayeuka kuti vanhu vaishandisa “mabhora enzou, mabhora egirazi, oiri yemuriwo, mineral oil, lanolin, wakisi, shellac, silk fabric, epoxy resin, ground rabha, bovine cartilage, sponge, sac, rabha, mukaka wembudzi, Teflon, soyabhinzi nenzungu. mafuta, uye girazi putty."Ehe.Iyi inguva yekuvandudza, asi sezvaitarisirwa, hapana imwe yeiyi nzira yakave yakakurumbira, uye chirwere chetachiona chemashure chakakwirira.
Pane humbowo hwekuti pfambi dzechiJapan mushure meHondo Yenyika II dzakaedza kugutsa kuravira kwemauto eAmerica nekubaya majekiseni akasiyana siyana kusanganisira silicon yemvura mumazamu avo.Kugadzirwa kweSilicon panguva iyoyo kwakanga kusina kuchena, uye zvimwe zvinowedzera zvakagadzirirwa kuti "zvive" nesilicon muzamu zvakawedzerwa mukugadzirisa-zvakadai sehupfu hwecobra kana mafuta emuorivhi-uye zvigumisiro zvaive zvisingashamisi makore anotyisa gare gare.
Kunyanya kunetseka nesilicon yemvura ndeyekuti inoputika uye inogadzira magranulomas, ayo anogona kubva atamira kune chero chikamu chemuviri chaanosarudza.Liquid silicone ichiri kushandiswa - ishoma shoma inoshandiswa, uye inongoshandiswa isina kuchena yekurapa giredhi silicone - asi inopokana zvakanyanya uye inogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba.Naizvozvo, tsitsi kune vakadzi vanoshandisa yakawanda yemvura silicone Kushambira kwakatenderedza miviri yavo.
Mukupera kwema1950 yaive zera regoridhe rekuwedzera mazamu-zvakanaka, rudzi rwe.Zvichifemerwa neakapinza-chested aesthetics yemakore gumi apfuura, mazano matsva nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvekudyara zvakakurumidza kubuda sezvo zvinhu zvakawanikwa mukati meHondo Yenyika II zvakavepo kuti zvishandiswe nevanhuwo zvavo.Imwe iIvalon sponge yakagadzirwa nepolyethylene;imwe yacho ndeye polyethylene tepi yakaputirwa mubhora uye yakaputirwa mumucheka kana kupfuura polyethylene.(Polyethylene haina kutanga kugadzirwa kwekutengesa kusvika 1951.)
Zvisinei, kunyange zvazvo ari nani zvikuru kupfuura wakisi yeparafini nokuti haakuurayi zvishoma nezvishoma, haana kunaka zvikuru pakuonekwa kwemazamu ako.Mushure megore rekunakidzwa, dzakaoma sematombo uye dzinokwenya chipfuva chako-chinowanzo kuderera kusvika ku25%.Zvakaratidza kuti chipanje chavo chakadonha chakananga muzamu.Ouch.
Mazamu anodyara isu tava kuziva-silicon sechinhu chinonamira mu "bhegi" -yakatanga kuoneka mu1960s uye yakagadzirwa naDr. Thomas Cronin uye waaishanda naye Frank Gerow (zvinonzi, ivo vanogadzirwa mupurasitiki Bhegi reropa rinonzwa. zvinoshamisa semazamu).
Zvinoshamisa kuti mazamu akatanga kuedzwa pambwa.Hungu, muridzi wokutanga wemazamu esilicon akanga ari imbwa inonzi Esmerelda, iyo yakaaedza nomutsa.Kana akasatanga kutsenga suture mushure memavhiki mashoma, anoichengeta kwenguva refu.Zviripachena, murombo Esmerelda haana kukanganiswa nekuvhiyiwa (ini ndinokahadzika).
Munhu wekutanga kuisirwa zamu resilicon ndiTimmy Jean Lindsay, wekuTexan, akaenda kuchipatara chinopa rubatsiro kunobvisa mamwe ma tatoo emazamu, asi akabvuma kuve munhu wekutanga wekurapa pasi rose.Lindsay, 83, achiri nemaimplants nhasi.
Saline implants - kushandiswa kwesaline solution pachinzvimbo chesilica gel fillers - yakatanga kutanga muna 1964 apo kambani yekuFrance yakaagadzira semabhegi akaomarara esilicone umo saline inogona kubaiwa.Musiyano mukuru nesaline implants ndeyekuti iwe une sarudzo: iwe unogona kufanozadza iwo usati wadyarwa, kana chiremba anovhiya anogona "kuzadza" iwo mushure mekuaisa mubhegi, sekunge ivo vanopomba mweya muvhiri.
Nguva iyo maprostheses emvura yemunyu achinyatso penya yaive muna 1992, apo FDA yakapa kurambidzwa kukuru kune ese akazadzwa nesilicone-yakazara mazamu maprostheses, achinetsekana pamusoro pengozi dzadzo dzehutano, uye pakupedzisira kudzivirira kambani kuatengesa zvachose.Saline implants inogadzira kukanganisa uku, 95% yezvese zvinoiswa mushure mekumiswa zvine saline.
Mushure meanopfuura makore gumi mukutonhora, silicon yakabvumidzwa kushandiswa zvakare mumazamu ekudyara muna 2006-asi mune imwe fomu.Mushure memakore ekutsvagisa uye kuyedza, iyo FDA yakazobvumira maimplants akazadzwa nesilicone kupinda mumusika weUS.Ivo nesaline yakajairwa ikozvino ndiyo nzira mbiri dzekuvhiya kwemazuva ano ekuwedzera mazamu.
Silicone yemazuva ano yakagadzirirwa kufanana nemafuta evanhu: yakakora, inonamira, uye yakanzi "semi-solid."Icho chaicho chizvarwa chechishanu chesilicon implants-chizvarwa chekutanga chakagadzirwa neCronin naGerow, nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvitsva munzira, kusanganisira mabhanhire akachengeteka, gels dzakakora uye mamwe maumbirwo echisikigo.
Chii chinotevera?Isu tinoita setakadzoka munguva ye "chest injection" nguva, nokuti vanhu vari kutsvaga nzira dzekuwedzera mukombe pasina kuvhiyiwa.Zvinotora maawa akati wandei kubaya jekiseni rekuzadza Macrolane, asi mibairo inogona kungogara mwedzi gumi nemaviri kusvika gumi nemasere.Zvisinei, pane kukakavara: radiologists havazivi nzira yekurapa chipfuva cheMacrolane kana chemotherapy ichidiwa.
Zvinoita sekuti ma implants acharamba aripo-asi ndapota ramba uchiteerera kune zvavanenge vagadzira padivi kuti vasimudze zamu kuti stratospheric size.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-12-2021